Neural interfaces are technologies that directly connect the human brain to computers or other devices. They can read neural activity, convert it into commands, and transmit signals back to the brain. This field is rapidly developing thanks to advances in neuroscience, microelectronics, and machine learning.
One of the pioneers in this field is Neuralink, founded by Elon Musk. Its implantable chips can record the activity of thousands of neurons with high accuracy. The first clinical trials have already begun: paraplegic patients are learning to control a cursor or a robotic arm using just their thoughts.
There are also non-invasive neural interfaces, such as EEG helmets. Although less accurate, they are easy to use in everyday life. Today, such devices help people with cerebral palsy communicate, and developers are creating brain-controlled games and apps. In the future, they may become part of everyday life—for example, for controlling a smart home without voice or gestures. The primary goal of neural interfaces is to restore lost functions. People with spinal cord injuries, blindness, or deafness can regain mobility, vision, or hearing. Research shows that stimulating the visual cortex can create simple images, and auditory implants have been helping the deaf for decades.
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